Sausages in yeast dough - a homemade recipe. Sausages in yeast dough - homemade recipe Lush sausages in dough
Hello everyone! Today we have a very tasty and simple recipe in front of us - sausages in dough in the oven. Do you smell what it smells like? That's right, pleasure. Which will brighten up any tea party, and can also replace a snack at school or at work.
In the traditional version, there are only two components: the sausage itself and the dough. But any recipe can be varied, which we will talk about at the end of the article.
So, any dough is suitable - ordinary yeast, butter, puff pastry, whatever you want. You can buy it ready-made or make it yourself. And I’m generally silent about the variety of sausages.
It’s just not worth saving much, since cheap sausages (like 50 rubles for a pack of 20 pieces) can behave poorly when baked. Either it will fry twice, releasing a large amount of fat, or, on the contrary, it will swell and burst. And sometimes such products taste like paper. “Vienna”, “Russian” or “Dairy” are the most proven option.
How to cook sausages in dough in the oven (from yeast dough)
This recipe uses dry instant yeast and boiled water, which can be quite successfully replaced with milk or kefir. already popped up on our website.
List of ingredients:
Sausages 10-12 pieces;
- milk or water 1 glass;
- 2 eggs;
- wheat flour 2 cups;
- dry yeast 11 g (bag);
- sugar 1 tbsp;
- butter 50 gr.;
- salt 0.5 tsp.
1. Let's start by preparing the “dough”. Heat the milk until warm and add the yeast and half the granulated sugar (about 1 tsp). Stir them until the lumps disappear and leave for 10 minutes.
Until a foam cap appears (sometimes 2 times more, take care to choose a deeper container).
2. Meanwhile, mix 1 chicken egg with the remaining sugar and salt in a convenient bowl. Until the latter are completely dissolved.
3. And melt a piece of butter (at room temperature).
4. Pour the liquid with yeast and butter into the eggs and mix thoroughly until smooth.
5. Sift two glasses of wheat flour into this mixture and knead the dough.
First with a spoon, then dump it on a table sprinkled with flour. Knead for 10 minutes. Add flour little by little until it stops sticking to your hands and the table.
A well-kneaded dough has a smooth surface and excellent elasticity.
6. Divide it into 10-12 parts and form balls (depending on how many sausages you have).
7. Roll the balls into sausages 2-3 times the length of the sausage. Using a rolling pin, shape it into a flat shape.
8. We wrap each sausage overlapping in a spiral, each next turn partially (up to half) should lie on the previous one.
9. Cover the oven tray with baking paper and grease its surface with sunflower oil. Place the sausages on a baking sheet in orderly rows.
10. From the 2nd chicken egg we use only the yolk, mix it with 1 teaspoon of boiled water or milk, and brush each sausage in the dough.
If you let them sit for 10-15 minutes, they will swell and become several times more appetizing.
And enjoy the aromas and awesome baked goods.
After the sausages were removed from the oven, I coated them again with a thin layer of the yolk mixture.
Video from our Youtube channel:
How to cook sausages in dough in the oven (from puff pastry)
If you want to make puff pastry, you can easily find a suitable recipe. And we will look at a recipe with a ready-made one.
Required Products:
Puff pastry 500 gr.;
- sausages 10-12 pcs. Approximately 500 gr.;
- egg 1 pc.
1. In the store, the dough is most often sold frozen. Therefore, you need to wait until it thaws at room temperature.
2. Then roll it out on a kitchen table sprinkled with flour into a layer. And cut it into strips 2 cm wide.
3. Peel the sausages from the casing and wrap them in strips of puff pastry.
4. Beat the egg yolk in a small container and brush the surface of the sausages in the dough.
5. Preheat the oven to 180°C and bake for 25-30 minutes
Sausages in dough in the oven without yeast and without eggs
Recipes without yeast use baking powder or baking soda to create fluffiness.
What you need for the recipe:
Sausages 10 pcs.;
- kefir 1 glass;
- flour 2 cups;
- sugar 1-2 tsp;
- soda 1/4 tsp;
- salt 1 tsp.
1. Prepare the bakery base. Add baking soda, table salt and granulated sugar to kefir. Mix well.
It would be nice to add a couple of tablespoons of vegetable oil for elasticity.
2. Sift the flour and add it to the kefir mass. Knead the dough, adding flour as needed.
3. Divide the dough into equal pieces according to the number of sausages (slightly larger than a chicken egg). Roll each into a flat cake, place the sausages, you can add a slice of cheese or grease with mustard. And we wrap it up. You can make cuts on the surface.
4. Preheat the oven to 180° and bake for 25-30 minutes.
Since we decided that the recipe will be without eggs. After cooking, brush with butter - a piece or using a pastry brush.
Sausages in dough fried in a frying pan (from potato dough)
Thanks to this recipe you will get unique sausage pies. When frying in a frying pan, the main thing is to use a sufficient amount of oil, sometimes it comes to the point that the layer of oil covers half the height of the pie. The dough can be anything, but for variety, let’s give an example of potato dough.
What you need for cooking:
Potatoes 8-10 pcs.;
- sausages 10 pcs.;
- egg 2 pcs.;
- flour 0.5 cups;
- garlic 3-4 cloves.
1. Wash the potatoes and set them to boil in salted water.
Then cool, peel and finely grate into a convenient container or turn into a puree using a special masher. You can grate a little cheese (100 grams)
2. Add two chicken eggs there, mix the spices until smooth
3. Sift half a glass of flour and mix thoroughly.
Divide into equal pieces according to the number of sausages.
4. Turn each piece into a flatbread, place the sausage in the middle. And we cover it on all sides.
If the sausages are very long, you can cut them into pieces.
5. Roll in flour or breading and place in a frying pan with heated sunflower oil (oil layer 2-5mm thick). When deboning, you can use your favorite herbs and spices.
6. Fry each side until golden brown.
If there is a lot of fat left on the surface of the pies, then let them lie on a paper napkin or towel, and also blot it on top.
If you add onions and herbs fried in a frying pan to potatoes, then you get portions of a full breakfast in the guise of sausages in dough.
Corn dogs. Sausages in batter without yeast (fried in oil)
The whole point of the batter is so that it does not run off the sausage and stays on it calmly. But at the same time it should be quite fluid.
Required ingredients:
Sausages 10 pcs.;
- wheat flour 1 tbsp.;
- corn flour 1 tbsp;
- boiled water 2 tbsp.;
- salt 0.5 tsp;
- baking soda or baking powder 1/4 tsp;
- granulated sugar 1 tbsp;
- eggs 1-2 pcs.
1. Take a comfortable deep vessel. Mix bulk products in it. Salt, sugar, soda and sift both types of flour.
If there is no corn, then replace with the same amount of wheat.
Soda can be sprinkled with lemon juice.
2. Separately, beat the eggs using a whisk or a regular fork.
3. Combine both parts and, stirring, gradually add water. Achieving a homogeneous thick mass that will stick to the surface of the sausages and not drip from them. You can check this by simply dipping your finger into the dough.
4. Prepare the oil in a deep fryer or bring to a boil in a saucepan or frying pan with high sides.
5. Place the sausages on skewers (lengthwise). Pour the dough into a tall glass or container so that the sausage can be immersed in it.
6. Dip each sausage into the batter, trying to get a neat doughy casing.
7. Fry in oil until crispy.
Then place the corn dogs on paper towels or napkins to blot up excess oil.
If desired, you can make sausages in dough in a slow cooker
The bowl will fit 4-5 sausages, so you will have to bake in several batches.
Grease the bowl with sunflower or butter. And then there is a choice:
a) The frying pan will be replaced by the “Frying” mode for 15-20 minutes on each side.
b) The oven will be replaced by the “Baking” program for 25-30 minutes on each side or 40 minutes with the 3D heating function.
How to change a recipe
I will offer you several ways to make the dish more aromatic and tastier.
Mix the dough base with kefir, sour cream, ayran, etc. Some craftsmen even make it with beer. Use various seasonings and finely chopped herbs. Try using it in the recipe.
Butter can be replaced with 2-4 tablespoons of vegetable oil without any problems.
Stuff a small piece of cheese the length of the sausage inside, or a piece of pickled cucumber. or fried onions, but to make it stick better, it is advisable to make cuts in the sausage or wrap it like a pie.
No one will refuse freshly baked, aromatic, rosy and delicious baked goods - sausages in dough.
This is a simple pastry that will appeal to both adults and children.
It is easy to prepare, and the recipe does not require any unimaginable and expensive ingredients.
You can enjoy these buns with sausages during a friendly family breakfast, and then wrap a couple of still warm muffins and put them in your child’s briefcase so that he can have a snack at school, and it will be quite useful to take them with him to work.
Baked sausages are delicious both cold and hot, just perfect for a picnic.
Each housewife has her own signature recipe for making this dish.
Some people use dough from the kitchen, which saves a lot of time, while others use homemade dough.
Choosing sausages – quality or attractive price?
In order for the dish to really please you and your loved ones with its excellent taste, you need to choose the right main ingredient - sausages.
Their quality determines how successful the cooking result will be.
Choosing them will not be difficult; the stores have a rich assortment.
But it's not that simple.
Among the variety of delicious-looking sausages that vary in price, you can get confused.
Many housewives think that the cheapest ones are suitable for baking, but buying such a product would be a mistake.
They already have no nutritional value; in fact, this product is not entirely healthy, so is it worth choosing the least quality one?
In order to buy the “right” sausages, you need to remember a few rules:
- The product of the highest and first grades does not contain starch and soy - vegetable protein, which is now added to many products.
- They must be manufactured in accordance with GOST. Sometimes there is a specification on the package, which means that some new component has been added to the composition.
- Outwardly they should look attractive.
- High-quality sausages cannot be cheap.
Check the expiration date.
For sausages in natural casings, it should not exceed 72 hours.
Take an interest in the composition; it should not contain various flavors and dyes.
But there is no need to worry about the presence of sodium nitrite.
It is added to give them a nice pink color because their natural color is grey.
Preparing dough is a responsible process
Sausages in dough will be much tastier if you use homemade dough rather than store-bought dough.
Cooking method:
Sausages in dough in the oven: baking
You can cover the baking sheet with special parchment paper for baking to avoid burning.
Before putting the muffins in the oven, they should stand for 10 minutes in a warm place, covered with a light towel.
This is necessary for them to become lush.
It is advisable to brush them with egg, then the top crust will become golden brown and acquire a beautiful and appetizing appearance.
To feed a large family, you need a hearty, nutritious meal. This article presents different recipes for every taste.
Dishes made from cottage cheese have won the attention of both sweet tooth lovers and those who want to lose weight. Therefore, cottage cheese pancakes baked in the oven can be prepared for everyone. A detailed recipe with illustrations can be found
And you can always surprise your children by preparing a striped Zebra pie. Come up with a fairy tale story, tell them about incredible magical animals and go on an exciting culinary journey together! Recipe for the treat at the link:
After baking, take a piece of butter and coat the dough with it, then it will become very tender, soft and acquire a beautiful gloss.
There is no need to immediately pounce on the dish, no matter how appetizing it looks.
Let the sausages sit for a few minutes, then they will become even tastier!
Homemade sausages in dough, baked in the oven, are an excellent alternative to fast food, because you are personally responsible for the quality of the products and hygiene during the preparation process.
Bon appetit!
How quick and easy they are to make!
Let's get a look:
This is not to say that this dish is healthy, but it has many fans. The sausage roll recipe is an important component when creating this treat. A tasty and convenient dish is perfect for friendly feasts. A home-cooked snack will be very different from the one sold in fast food or a canteen.
How to make sausage dough in the oven
This is a simple, uncomplicated dish, which, due to its ease of preparation, has received a huge number of recipe variations. Sausage batter is the basis of the snack, the main source of satiety. Without flour, semi-finished meat products cannot satisfy a person. To add an unusual taste, you can add spices, cheese, stewed cabbage, etc. As a filling, sausages combine very well with a flour base: they do not leak, do not spread and become a frame. Based on it, you can even perform different design methods:
- Mummy. Cut the base into strips of medium width, wrap the entire meat component and bake.
- Scythe. Place the sausage on the rolled out dough base, score the sides to create ribbons, then simply braid the top and bake.
- Basket. Roll out the base into an oval shape, cut half of it into ribbons. Place the sausage on the remaining part, pinch tightly, then wrap with chopped ribbons and bake.
Recipes for sausages in dough in the oven
It is known that there are several ways to prepare dough for sausages in dough in the oven. This treat can replace breakfast, then you can wrap it for your child at school, and for yourself at work. The taste of the dish is not lost, even if you eat it cold, and if you wish, you can put it in the microwave for 1 minute, and it will be fresh and tasty again. You can prepare the base in several ways: according to your own recipe or according to culinary canons. The main condition for a tasty cooking result is not to skimp on the sausage product. Even a tasty base will not save the buns if the sausages are of poor quality.
In puff pastry
This recipe is very simple, even a novice cook can handle it. Sausages in puff pastry can be made commercially, which will further save you time. All that remains is to prepare semi-finished products, decorate the dish beautifully and bake in the oven. Below is a step-by-step recipe with photos on how to cook sausages in puff pastry dough. If you wish, you can involve children in the process; they will enjoy wrapping the unusually shaped sausages.
Ingredients:
- egg;
- cucumber (pickled/salted);
- sausages – 6 pcs.;
- vegetable oil – 2 tbsp. l.;
- purchased puff base – 1 pc.;
- cheese – 100 g.
Cooking method:
- Thaw the finished base; you can use any option (yeast or yeast-free).
- Apply 1 tbsp to the table. l. flour, lay out the dough and sprinkle again.
- Roll out the layer to form a rectangular shape with a thickness of about 3 mm. Cut into long strips according to the number of sausages, about 2 cm wide.
- Clean the sausages, cut them in half lengthwise, no need to cook.
- Place half a sausage on the strip and wrap it any way you like, but it should be completely covered.
- To add flavor, it is better to wrap it with a piece of cheese and cucumber.
- Grease a baking sheet with oil, place the pieces, and spread beaten egg on top.
- Do not place the buns next to each other because they will expand slightly during cooking.
- Preheat the oven to 180 degrees. Let the dish cook for 20 minutes. When a beautiful golden brown crust appears, the treat is ready.
In yeast
There are several options for the base for the dish; this time we will look at how to cook sausages in yeast dough. The procedure for preparing the base itself is not complicated; you can control the number of components yourself to achieve the most delicious result. Additional ingredients may include cheese or cucumber (to your personal taste), spices and herbs. Below is a recipe with a photo for preparing this treat.
Ingredients:
- egg;
- dry yeast – 10 g;
- salt;
- wheat flour – 500 g;
- butter – 50 g;
- sugar – 1 tbsp. l.;
- milk – 250 ml;
- sausages – 12 pcs.
Cooking method:
- Heat the milk to 35 degrees.
- Add yeast, sugar, mix well and leave for 15 minutes. A foam cap should appear on the surface.
- Beat an egg with a pinch of salt in any container.
- Add the remaining milk to the eggs, then softened butter, mixture with yeast. Mix the ingredients thoroughly.
- Add some of the sifted flour.
- Mix until you get a homogeneous mass.
- Knead the base and add flour if necessary.
- Sprinkle some flour on your work surface and add the dough ingredient.
- Knead the base until it is elastic, soft and does not stick to your hands. Add flour as needed.
- Roll into a large ball and place in a suitable bowl, cover with a damp towel, and place in a warm place for half an hour. It should become almost 2 times larger. After this it needs to be kneaded.
- Roll the base into a sausage, then divide it into 12 equal parts.
- Make balls out of them, grease with vegetable oil, and place in a warm place for 20 minutes.
- From each piece, form flagella that are at least 2 times longer than the sausage. Roll out with a rolling pin, but do not make them too thin.
- Wrap each piece of sausage in a spiral with stripes and leave the edges open.
- Grease a baking sheet with butter/oil or cover with baking parchment.
- Lay out the pieces so that there is space between them.
- Leave the pan in a warm place for another 20 minutes.
- Whisk 2 tbsp in a separate container. l. milk and water along with a pinch of sugar.
- Use a brush to brush each piece with this mixture.
- Place the dish in the oven at 180 degrees for 25 minutes.
Quick dough
Everyone (except vegetarians) loves this dish, so it can be a great addition to any table as an appetizer. Even if guests come unexpectedly, it is possible to make a quick dough for sausages in dough and bake everything in the oven. The step-by-step recipe with the photo below is designed for 7 such buns with sausages. You can use a ready-made base, but it’s better to make your own.
Ingredients:
- salt;
- yeast – 15 g;
- eggs – 2 pcs.;
- milk – 250 ml;
- hard cheese – 50 g;
- butter – 60 g;
- wheat flour – 500 g.
Cooking method:
- Heat the milk to 30 degrees, dissolve the yeast, salt, and bring to a homogeneous consistency.
- In a separate bowl, beat the eggs.
- Add the egg mixture to the yeast mixture.
- The oil should be at room temperature, beat until fluffy, add to the rest of the ingredients.
- Next, place the grated cheese on the fine side.
- Sift the flour there, add it in parts, constantly stirring the mass. This way you will be able to calculate the exact number of components to obtain the required consistency. The dough should be elastic, homogeneous and not stick to your hands or bowl.
- Grease the inside of a clean bowl with oil and place the dough piece for proofing. Cover with cling film and a damp towel for an hour.
- Dust the board with flour and lay out some of the dough base. Roll out and cut into long strips no wider than 3 cm.
- Remove the packaging from the sausages; there is no need to cook them.
- Twist the test strips around each sausage, leaving the ends open. Next, brush the pieces with egg yolk.
- Place the dish in the oven at 200 degrees for 15 minutes.
Without yeast
A possible option to lower the calorie content of this popular treat is to use a yeast-free sausage roll. You can cook using a purchased base, or you can make it yourself at home. This dish can be used as a snack, a snack for work or for a child at school. This pastry is prepared very quickly; most of the time will be spent preparing the dough component. The recipe involves using a bread machine.
Ingredients:
- flour – 2 tbsp;
- sugar – ½ tbsp. l.;
- water – 1 tbsp.;
- vegetable oil – 1 tbsp. l.;
- sausages – 8 pcs.;
- salt – 1 tsp;
- egg.
Cooking method:
- Pour water, oil into the bowl of the device, then add salt and sugar.
- Sift the flour and mix the ingredients.
- Set the “Pizza Dough” mode. The bread maker will take 1 hour to make the base.
- Prepare your work area, sprinkle it lightly with flour, and lay out the base.
- Divide into two parts and roll out the dough component into 7 mm layers. Next, cut the layers into strips 2-3 cm wide.
- Wrap sausages in them (without film).
- Next, place the pieces on a greased baking sheet and bake for 20 minutes at 200 degrees.
In puff yeast dough
When you don’t have time to make dumplings or dumplings, but you want something tasty, you can bake sausages in puff pastry in the oven. Both components are sold in semi-finished form; you just need to buy hi in the store and prepare it correctly. Be especially careful when choosing sausage products. Don't buy cheap ones because it will completely ruin the taste and impression of the dish.
Ingredients:
- yeast dough – 0.4 kg;
- sausages – 8 pcs.;
- sesame seeds;
- egg.
Cooking method:
- Remove the dough puff from the freezer and let it sit until it stretches well.
- Roll out the layer, cut into thin strips, and slightly stretch them along the edges.
- Wrap the strips in a spiral around the sausages.
- Cover the baking sheet with parchment and lay out the pieces.
- Break the egg into a separate bowl, stir a little and brush the top of the sausages with it.
- For beauty, sprinkle the treat with sesame seeds.
- In the oven you need to cook the dish at a temperature of 200 degrees for 30 minutes.
On kefir
This is another option for preparing this dish on your own basis, rather than purchased. Sausages are prepared in kefir dough in the oven, but if desired, you can fry them in a frying pan. This way they will turn out fattier, so people who care about their health and figure choose the baked version of cooking. A step-by-step recipe with a photo of the treat is presented below.
Ingredients:
- kefir – 250 ml;
- yeast – 10 g;
- water – 100 ml;
- flour - 500 g;
- salt – ½ tsp;
- sugar – 2 tbsp. l.;
- egg;
- vegetable oil – 3 tbsp. l.;
- sausages;
- egg yolk;
- sesame.
Cooking method:
- Mix yeast and sugar in warm water and leave in a warm place for 15 minutes to let the dough come to life. You will get a liquid consistency for mixing.
- In a deep bowl, combine salt, dough, warm kefir, and egg. Mix thoroughly, then add sifted flour. Knead a gentle, soft base.
- At the end of kneading, add vegetable oil and knead the mixture well again. Cover the bowl with a damp towel and let sit for 1.5 hours. The contents should double in size.
- Peel the film from the sausage product.
- Roll out the dough components to 3 mm thick, cut into strips. Wrap them tightly around the sausages.
- Cover a baking sheet with parchment and place the pieces, but not close to each other. Leave them for 20 minutes to rise.
- Brush the top of the treat with yolk and sprinkle with sesame seeds.
- Bake at 200 degrees until golden brown.
Video
Below you will learn one of the best recipes for making sausage in dough in the oven. To do this, you will need simple ingredients and carefully study 10 step-by-step high-resolution photographs. We wish you good luck in cooking and bon appetit.
Ingredients
- 1 glass of milk
- 1 tablespoon dry yeast
- 1 egg
- 10 sausages
- a pinch of salt
- 2.5 cups flour
- 2 tablespoons vegetable oil
Recipe for homemade sausages in dough
- Warm the milk slightly (just a little - up to body temperature). Pour dry yeast into it and add lightly. Leave for 10-15 minutes until the yeast is completely dissolved. Add the butter and carefully add the sifted flour. Knead the dough. Roll it into a bun and leave it for 20 minutes in a warm place until it rises slightly.
- During this time, prepare the sausages, free them from the film. There is no need to cook them first.
- Then roll out the dough with a rolling pin into a layer. Cut this layer with a sharp knife into thin strips.
- Take a sausage and wrap it in one such strip. Try to ensure that the dough adheres more tightly to the sausage. Wrap all the sausages this way. Place them on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper.
- Beat the egg with a whisk.
- Brush the resulting sausages in the dough with the beaten egg.
- Place them in the oven for 15 minutes. As soon as they are browned, you can remove them. All you have to do is wait until it cools down and you can enjoy it.
Preparing the dough 
Prepare the sausages 
Roll out and prepare the dough 
Wrap sausages in dough 
Beat the egg with a whisk 
Brush the dough with egg 
Bon appetitSausages in dough cooked in the oven are a dish that can be a real salvation for novice cooks. The thing is that such pastries are very easy to prepare, and thanks to the dough, they turn out to be very satisfying and complementary to everything. If you have very little practice in cooking, then this recipe will definitely suit you, as it rightfully claims to be the simplest.
This type of sausage preparation has been practiced for a very long time. Even in Soviet culinary magazines one could find similar cooking recipes, and what is noteworthy is not one or two methods, but many different options for preparing this homemade pastry. You can approach the preparation of today's dish in different ways. The first point concerns the test. You can make it yourself, or buy ready-made frozen dough at the store. Personally, I always prefer to use the first option, but if you are short on time, then feel free to go to the store.
As for the second point, this is directly baking or frying. As you can see, you can also go two ways. The first option, more classic, involves baking the sausages in the oven, which is what I did today, or the second option is frying them in a frying pan. I strongly recommend using an oven or an oven, this makes the sausages much tastier.
If you are willing to experiment, then in addition to the sausage, you can also wrap the following products in the dough: cheese, vegetables, or pre-coat the sausage with sauce. Such a dish will be an excellent alternative to boring sandwiches, and if you have school-age children, then giving your child sausages in dough to take to school will also be an excellent option.
Ingredients:
- 12 small sausages
- 1 tsp dry yeast
- 150 ml warm water
- 1 tsp Sahara
- 1 pinch of salt
- 2 cups of flour
- 1 tbsp. sunflower oil
- 1 yolk
Cooking the dish step by step with photos:
Bon appetit!
Sausages in dough with their taste are always able to please true lovers of a hearty meal. This dish is distinguished not only by its relatively simple cooking method, but also by its budget-friendly nature. All the products needed for the recipe cost mere pennies, so a family with any monthly budget can enjoy such baked goods almost every other day. If you had fears about preparing yeast dough, then my detailed guides with step-by-step photographs will allow you to easily cast them aside and conquer the next peak in your culinary biography. Finally, as always, I want to give a few tips so that your sausages in the dough turn out delicious the first time:
- Don’t be lazy and prepare your own yeast dough for sausages. The taste of truly homemade baked goods is significantly different from the one you will prepare using a store-bought equivalent;
- The dough can be prepared not only with water, as I did today. Next time, for the sake of variety, try replacing the water with milk, kefir or yogurt;
- When wrapping the dough around the sausage, do not stretch it too much. Otherwise, it will burst the moment it bakes in the oven;
- Before putting in the oven, be sure to brush the top of the sausages with beaten yolk. This will benefit not only the appearance, but also the taste of the dish;
